Models of giftedness

Models of giftedness are used to describe important aspects of giftedness. They aim to specify observable indicators for the phenomenon of giftedness that otherwise is difficult to observe in a person. Some models also specify the factors or processes that are involved as high ability emerges as a result of giftedness.

The emergence of extraordinary capabilities in a person can best be explained in a multifactorial way. Most models of giftedness view above-average intelligence as an important trait of intellectual giftedness. They also frequently consider other traits of a person such as creativity, self-confidence, or interests as well as personal development in learning processes, sociocultural conditions, or the interplay between a person and their environment.